Free Essays on African Americans In The Media

â€Å"African American Portrayals in the Entertainment Media† The amusement media as we probably am aware it begun in 1891 when The Edison Company effectively exhibited the Kinetoscope. The primary film to recount to a total story was Georges Milieus’ â€Å"A Trip to the Moon†. Before long there were many films. It wasn’t until 1941 that TV came to America and alongside films shaped the amusement media as we probably am aware it. Early movies and network shows delineated African Americans contrarily. It wasn’t until the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that African Americans started to be seen by the diversion media in a positive manner. In 1915 D.W. Griffith discharged the film â€Å"The Birth of a Nation†. In this film African Americans were depicted as sex crazed attackers that assaulted white ladies. Negative depictions of African Americans in the diversion media proceeded for a considerable length of time. The main African American lady to win an Academy Award was Hattie McDaniel for her job in â€Å"Gone with the Wind† wherein she played a cliché household. The â€Å"Amos n’ Andy† TV program which publicized in the 1950’s demonstrated numerous African American generalizations. The characters experienced a daily reality such that was isolated however equivalent from whites. The Civil Rights Act reshaped the diversion media. The show â€Å"Good Times† was the main prime time appear about an African American family that had a mother and father. At the 36th yearly Academy Awards Sidney Portier turned into the primary African American to win the Best Actor grant for his job in â€Å"Lilies of the Field†. The most sat in front of the network show at any point was â€Å"Roots†. â€Å"Roots† was a smaller than expected arrangement that delineated life as an African American slave. At the 74th yearly Academy Awards both the Best Actor and Best Actress Awards were won by African Americans. The Best Actor grant went to Denzel Washington for â€Å"Training Day† and the Best Actress grant went t... Free Essays on African Americans In The Media Free Essays on African Americans In The Media â€Å"African American Portrayals in the Entertainment Media† The amusement media as we probably am aware it begun in 1891 when The Edison Company effectively exhibited the Kinetoscope. The primary film to recount to a total story was Georges Milieus’ â€Å"A Trip to the Moon†. Before long there were many films. It wasn’t until 1941 that TV came to America and alongside films framed the diversion media as we probably am aware it. Early films and TV programs delineated African Americans adversely. It wasn’t until the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that African Americans started to be seen by the amusement media in a positive manner. In 1915 D.W. Griffith discharged the movie â€Å"The Birth of a Nation†. In this film African Americans were depicted as sex crazed attackers that assaulted white ladies. Negative depictions of African Americans in the diversion media proceeded for quite a long time. The principal African American lady to win an Academy Award was Hattie McDaniel for her job in â€Å"Gone with the Wind† where she played a cliché household. The â€Å"Amos n’ Andy† network show which publicized in the 1950’s demonstrated numerous African American generalizations. The characters faced a daily reality such that was isolated however equivalent from whites. The Civil Rights Act reshaped the diversion media. The show â€Å"Good Times† was the primary prime time appear about an African American family that had a mother and father. At the 36th yearly Academy Awards Sidney Portier turned into the principal African American to win the Best Actor grant for his job in â€Å"Lilies of the Field†. The most stared at the network show at any point was â€Å"Roots†. â€Å"Roots† was a smaller than usual arrangement that delineated life as an African American slave. At the 74th yearly Academy Awards both the Best Actor and Best Actress Awards were won by African Americans. The Best Actor grant went to Denzel Washington for â€Å"Training Day† and the Best Actress grant went t...

True Tragic Hero in Sophocles Antigone Antigone e Essay Example For Students

Genuine Tragic Hero in Sophocles Antigone e Essay ssays The True Tragic Hero in Sophocles Antigone In Master Sophocles Antigone, the topic of who the deplorable legend truly is has been a subject of discussion for an incredible number years. Creon possesses a portion of the characteristics that establish a lamentable saint however sadly doesn't totally fit into the job. Antigone, be that as it may, has all the parts of a lamentable saint. These are, in no specific request, having a high social position, not being excessively fortunate or unfortunate, being industrious in their activities, exciting compassion in the crowd, a dramatic appearance, and having a solitary defect that achieves their own downfall and the death of others around them. Antigone has these attributes in this way qualifying as the terrible legend. We will compose a custom exposition on True Tragic Hero in Sophocles Antigone e explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now The primary passing perspective is that Antigone is of a high social remaining in Thebes. Creon himself alludes to her as a princess however she is in fact not, at this point one. On account of her high standing she is equipped for extraordinary misery, in that she has a great deal of notoriety and respect to lose. The individuals who state Creon is the grievous saint state say that Antigone is no longer in a high situation in the general public, in this way doesn't qualify on that account. In the event that the character had should have been in a high political position this would be valid, yet they need just have a lot to lose in their destruction. Despite the fact that she may no longer hold political force Antigone is as yet a ground-breaking figure in Thebes, since she was to be hitched to Creons child Haemon and the entire city appeared to know how lamentable her life had become. Antigone and Creon would qualify as the terrible legend if the main prerequisite was not being excessively fortunate or unfortunate. Creon shows his negative side when he will not cover Polyneices and when he addresses the guard. His positive side is appeared in his conspicuous love for Antigone and Ismene, whom he has endeavored to raise since their dads passing. Antigones indecent side is appeared by her depraved conduct with her sibling Polyneices. Her certain side is appeared by the manner in which the she demands regarding his entitlement to be covered in the strict custom of Greece so his spirit may live on in existence in the wake of death. Another part of an appalling saint is a relentless strategy, in all probability brought about by their defect, that achieves their destruction and the end of everyone around them. Antigones imperfection is her rash and obstinate conduct. This is the wellspring of the contention in the play. Had Antigone approached Creon for authorization to cover Polyneices in recognition of the Greek job in strict life he would have likely permitted it. Rather, she thoughtlessly chose to assume control over issues, in all probability as a result of her resentment in losing the genuine romance of her life. This perspective additionally rises later in the play, when Antigone chooses to slaughter herself in the cavern as opposed to give Creon the fulfillment of the deed. Had she not been so indiscreetly rushed she would have been saved her life by Creon, who was headed to free Antigone and have Polyneices given a legitimate entombment. Creon doesn't have an industrious nature, and in this manner couldn't be the Aristotelian lamentable legend. His uncouthness as a ruler is pervasive in the manner he falters on the subject of Polyneices entombment. In the first place he appears to be obstinate, which some state is one of the deadly imperfections that qualify him as a deplorable legend, however later adjusts his perspective. The genuine shocking saint would adhere to their lethal imperfection, similar to Antigone did, until their total downfall. .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4 , .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4 .postImageUrl , .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4 .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4 , .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4:hover , .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4:visited , .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4:active { border:0!important; } .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4:active , .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4:hover { mistiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: rel ative; } .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content embellishment: underline; } .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content adornment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u817b929adff355599a1b5d981d9c58d4:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Social Issues EssayAs far as the issue of emerging compassion in the crowd and in different characters, unmistakably Antigone obviously prevails upon Creon in the field of force of feeling. All of Thebes feels for Antigone, particularly after she has been condemned to death. Haemon himself tells his dad And I have heard them, murmuring and whisperingThey state no lady has ever, so absurdly, kicked the bucket so dishonorable a passing for a liberal demonstration. .

New Decade, New Me

New Decade, New Me Some Reflections Its been a long decade. When the 2010s started, I was ten, and I was in fifth grade, and now I am twenty, and I am in roughly fifteenth grade. A lot has changed, but some things remain the same. In many ways, I am now, since coming to MIT, more like my fifth grade self than my high school self. Its hard to tell if this is because of MIT, or because I left my high school, or because I am officially no longer an angsty teen. Its been a long year. I changed majors, I started and then left a UROP, I worked all summer, I won a medal at Head of the Charles, I became a blogger, and I started and completed Unified Engineering. Its been a long semester. I had to take four course 16 classes, and I did it. My grades arent in yet, but I think I did it. At the start of  this semester, I set some goals/rules/guidelines for myself. I didnt stick to them, exactly. I slept enough, but I wish I had cooked more. I did laundry, but my room was a mess. I went to class, but I could have and should have attended more office hours. I took a night or two off almost every week, but I wish I had been able to be more spontaneous with my time and generous to my friends. I think thats my greatest mistake of the fall, and of 2019; I regret the dates I was too tired to go on, the team dinners I didnt attend, the field hockey games and a cappella concerts where I missed cheering on my friends, the texts and FaceTimes I didnt respond to. I wish I had been less busy, and less tired, and I think that would have made me a kinder person and a better friend. I want more time to call my mom. I want to spend all day making pies. I want to learn something unrelated to my classes. I want to bike the Minuteman Trail, and hike Mt. Washington, and leave Boston for a weekend. I want to stay up late with my friends and watch bad horror movies and shriek with laughter. Some Resolutions Im resolving to leave being hosed in 2019. I know this is what the kids call unrealistic, but my biggest regret from the past year is being so busy that I became selfish, and I want to change that. Through copious amounts of self-restraint, my planned class schedule for next semester is theoretically 11 fewer hours per week, and I have no class on Fridays. Im going to spend less time on psets, at least, and thats something. Im steadfastly refusing to take on any new extracurriculars, or pour any more time into the ones that I already do. Im hoping this will give me at least a little breathing room. Im resolving to spend my free time in healthier ways. This sounds very dramatic, but basically I want to spend less time on Twitter, and less time playing shitty iPhone games. I would like to spend more time writing, whether its journaling or blogging or both. I would also like to spend more time outdoors, excluding crew practices. In the past, when Ive had more overall free time, Ive had more motivation to write and hike and see friends. This is called not suffering from burnout and Id like to return to it. This resolution kind of goes with the previous one, because theoretically, I will spend less time on classes, and theoretically, I will instead write and hike and bike and UROP. Im resolving to document my life offline a little better. I recently got a phone with a camera that is actually pretty decent, and I want to take more pictures and videos. I also want to journal, actually. I am intrigued by the possibility of taking 1 second of video every day and making a video a year from now showing everything Ive done. This is, sadly, partially driven by bloggers block. I do things, and I want to write about them, but I dont have any notes or photos, and I have a hard time writing from nothing. If I have even a slightly better record of my life, I think Ill be able to write better and write more often. Last but definitely not least, Im resolving to figure out what I want to do after I graduate. I sure hope I know by December 31, 2020! Nisha wrote in her end-of-year post: I think that I’ve commandeered a boat from…somewhere…and paddled it in the general direction of forwards. I’ve almost reached the mainland. I just need to decide which one of three rivers will carry me there, and I’m sort of stalled at the confluence of all three of these rivers trying to decide. I think this is true for many juniors. Its certainly true for me. My rivers may be different, but Im definitely paddling in the same place. Some Hopes I hope I stick to my resolutions, and I hope Ive learned from my mistakes. I hope I become a kinder person in 2020. I hope I take photos and videos every day, and I hope I make memories every day. I hope I write a blog post every two weeks. I hope I treat my friends and family as well as they deserve. I hope I UROP and intern and discover what I love and make a five-year plan and everything works out. I hope I get good grades, but transcend caring about grades. I hope I make mistakes and learn from them, but I hope theyre not awful, and I hope theyre not ones Ive made before. Today is January 1, 2020. The sun rose this morning, just like any other day. It still feels like a fresh start. Happy New Year, and heres to hoping it all works out.

Read The Lowest Animal by Mark Twain

Fairly early in his career – with the publication of numerous tall tales, comic essays  and the novels Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  Mark Twain earned his reputation as one of Americas greatest humorists. But it wasnt until after his death in 1910 that most readers discovered Twains darker side. Composed in 1896, The Lowest Animal (which has appeared in different forms and under various titles, including Mans Place in the Animal World) was occasioned by the battles between Christians and Muslims in Crete. As editor Paul Baender has observed, The severity of Mark Twains views on religious motivation was part of the increasing cynicism of his last 20 years. An even more sinister force, in Twains view, was the Moral Sense, which he defines in this essay as the quality which enables [man] to do wrong. After clearly stating his thesis in the introductory paragraph, Twain proceeds to develop his argument through a series of comparisons and examples, all of which appear to support his claim that we have reached the bottom stage of development. The Lowest Animal by Mark Twain I have been scientifically studying the traits and dispositions of the lower animals (so-called), and contrasting them with the traits and dispositions of man. I find the result humiliating to me. For it obliges me to renounce my allegiance to the Darwinian theory of the Ascent of Man from the Lower Animals; since it now seems plain to me that the theory ought to be vacated in favor of a new and truer one, this new and truer one to be named the Descent of Man from the Higher Animals. In proceeding toward this unpleasant conclusion I have not guessed or speculated or conjectured, but have used what is com ­monly called the scientific method. That is to say, I have sub ­jected every postulate that presented itself to the crucial test of actual experiment, and have adopted it or rejected it according to the result. Thus I verified and established each step of my course in its turn before advancing to the next. These experiments were made in the London Zoological Gardens, and covered many months of painstaking and fatiguing work. Before particularizing any of the experiments, I wish to state one or two things which seem to more properly belong in this place than further along. This in the interest of clearness. The massed experiments established to my satisfaction certain gener ­alizations, to wit: That the human race is of one distinct species. It exhibits slight variations (in color, stature, mental caliber, and so on) due to climate, environment, and so forth; but it is a species by itself, and not to be confounded with any other.That the quadrupeds are a distinct family, also. This fam ­ily exhibits variations – in color, size, food preferences, and so on; but it is a family by itself.That the other families – the birds, the fishes, the insects, the reptiles, etc. – are more or less distinct, also. They are in the procession. They are links in the chain which stretches down from the higher animals to man at the bottom. Some of my experiments were quite curious. In the course of my reading I had come across a case where, many years ago, some hunters on our Great Plains organized a buffalo hunt for the entertainment of an English earl. They had charming sport. They killed seventy-two of those great animals; and ate part of one of them and left the seventy-one to rot. In order to determine the differ ­ence between an anaconda and an earl (if any) I caused seven young calves to be turned into the anacondas cage. The grateful reptile immediately crushed one of them and swallowed it, then lay back satisfied. It showed no further interest in the calves, and no disposition to harm them. I tried this experiment with other anacondas; always with the same result. The fact stood proven that the difference between an earl and an anaconda is that the earl is cruel and the anaconda isnt; and that the earl wantonly destroys what he has no use for, but the anaconda doesnt. This seemed to suggest that the anaconda was not descended from the earl. It also seemed to suggest that the earl was descended from the anaconda, and had lost a good deal in the transition. I was aware that many men who have accumulated more millions of money than they can ever use have shown a rabid hunger for more, and have not scrupled to cheat the ignorant and the helpless out of their poor servings in order to partially appease that appetite. I furnished a hundred different kinds of wild and tame animals the opportunity to accumulate vast stores of food, but none of them would do it. The squirrels and bees and certain birds made accumulations, but stopped when they had gathered a winters supply, and could not be persuaded to add to it either honestly or by chicane. In order to bolster up a tottering reputa ­tion the ant pretended to store up supplies, but I was not de ­ceived. I know the ant. These experiments convinced me that there is this difference between man and the higher animals: he is avaricious and miserly; they are not. In the course of my experiments I convinced myself that among the animals man is the only one that harbors insults and injuries, broods over them, waits till a chance offers, then takes revenge. The passion of revenge is unknown to the higher animals. Roosters keep harems, but it is by consent of their concu ­bines; therefore no wrong is done. Men keep harems but it is by brute force, privileged by atrocious laws which the other sex were allowed no hand in making. In this matter man occupies a far lower place than the rooster. Cats are loose in their morals, but not consciously so. Man, in his descent from the cat, has brought the cats looseness with him but has left the unconsciousness behind (the saving grace which excuses the cat). The cat is innocent, man is not. Indecency, vulgarity, obscenity (these are strictly confined to man); he invented them. Among the higher  animals  there is no trace of them. They hide nothing; they are not ashamed. Man, with his soiled mind, covers himself. He will not even enter a drawing room with his breast and back naked, so alive are he and his mates to indecent suggestion.  Man  is The Animal that Laughs. But so does the monkey, as Mr. Darwin pointed out; and so does the Australian bird that is called the laughing jackass. No!  Man  is the Animal that Blushes. He is the only one that does it or has occasion to. At the head of this  article  we see how three monks were burnt to death a few days ago, and a prior put to death with atrocious cruelty. Do we inquire into the details? No; or we should find out that the prior was subjected to unprintable muti ­lations. Man (when he is a North American Indian) gouges out his prisoners eyes; when he is King John, with a nephew to render untroublesome, he uses a red-hot iron; when he is a reli ­gious zealot dealing with heretics in the Middle Ages, he skins his captive alive and scatters salt on his back; in the first Richards time he shuts up a multitude of Jew families in a tower and sets fire to it; in Columbuss time he captures a family of Spanish Jews and (but  that  is not printable; in our day in England a man is fined ten shillings for beating his mother nearly to death with a chair, and another man is fined forty shillings for having four pheasant eggs in his possession without being able to satisfacto ­rily explain how he got t hem). Of all the animals, man is the only one that is cruel. He is the only one that inflicts pain for the pleasure of doing it. It is a trait that is not known to the higher animals. The cat plays with the frightened mouse; but she has this excuse, that she does not know that the mouse is suffering. The cat is moderate – unhumanly moderate: she only scares the mouse, she does not hurt it; she doesnt dig out its eyes, or tear off its skin, or drive splinters under its nails – man-fashion; when she is done playing with  it she  makes a sudden meal of it and puts it out of its trouble.  Man  is the Cruel Animal. He is alone in that distinction. The higher animals engage in individual fights, but never in organized masses.  Man  is the only animal that deals in that atrocity of atrocities, War. He is the only one that gathers his brethren about him and goes forth in cold blood and with  calm  pulse to exterminate his kind. He is the only animal that for sordid wages will march out, as the Hessians did in our Revolu ­tion, and as the boyish Prince Napoleon did in the Zulu war, and help to slaughter strangers of his own species who have done him no harm and with whom he has no quarrel. Man  is the only animal that robs his helpless fellow of his country – takes possession of it and drives him out of it or destroys him.  Man  has done this in all the ages. There is not an acre of ground on the globe that is in possession of its rightful owner, or that has not been taken away from owner after owner, cycle after cycle, by force and bloodshed. Man  is the only Slave. And he is the only animal who en ­slaves. He has always been a slave in one form or  another,  and has always held other slaves in bondage under him in one way or another. In our day he is always some mans slave for wages, and does that mans  work; and  this slave has other slaves under him for minor wages, and they do  his  work. The higher animals are the only ones who exclusively do their own work and provide their own living. Man  is the only Patriot. He sets himself apart in his own country, under his own flag, and sneers at the other nations, and keeps multitudinous uniformed assassins on hand at heavy ex ­pense to grab slices of other  peoples  countries, and keep them from grabbing slices of  his. And in the intervals between cam ­paigns, he washes the blood off his hands and works for the universal brotherhood of man, with his mouth. Man  is the Religious Animal. He is the only Religious Ani ­mal. He is the only animal that has the True Religion – several of them. He is the only animal that loves his neighbor as  himself,  and cuts his throat if his theology isnt straight. He has made a graveyard of the globe in trying his honest best to smooth his brothers path to happiness and heaven. He was at it in the time of the Caesars, he was at it in Mahomets time, he was at it  in  the time of the Inquisition, he was at it in France a couple of cen ­turies, he was at it in England in Marys day, he has been at it ever since he first saw the light, he is at it today in Crete (as per the telegrams quoted above), he will be at it somewhere else tomor ­row. The higher animals have no religion. And we are told that they are going to be left out, in the Hereafter. I wonder why? It seems questionable taste. Man  is the Reasoning Animal. Such is the claim. I think it is open to dispute. Indeed, my experiments have proven to me that he is the Unreasoning Animal. Note his history, as sketched above. It seems plain to me that whatever he is he is not a reasoning animal. His record is the fantastic record of a maniac. I consider that the strongest count against his intelligence is the fact that with that record back of him he blandly sets himself up as the head animal of the lot: whereas by his own standards he is the bottom one. In truth, man is incurably foolish. Simple things which the other animals easily learn, he is incapable of learning. Among my experiments was this. In an hour I taught a cat and a dog to be friends. I put them in a cage. In another hour I taught them to be friends with a rabbit. In the course of two  days  I was able to add a fox, a goose, a squirrel and some doves. Finally a monkey. They lived together in peace; even affectionately. Next, in another  cage  I confined an Irish Catholic from Tipperary, and as soon as he seemed tame I added a Scotch Presbyterian from Aberdeen. Next a Turk from Constantinople; a Greek Christian from Crete; an Armenian; a Methodist from the wilds of Arkansas; a Buddhist from China; a Brahman from Benares. Finally, a Salvation Army Colonel from Wapping. Then I stayed away two whole days. When I came back to note results, the cage of Higher Animals was all right, but in the other there was but a chaos of gory odds and ends of turbans and fezzes and plaids and bones – not a specimen left alive. These Reasoning Animals had disagreed on a theological detail and carried the matter to a Higher Court. One is obliged to concede that in true loftiness of character, Man cannot claim to approach even the meanest of the Higher Animals. It is plain that he is constitutionally incapable of  approaching  that altitude; that he is constitutionally afflicted with a Defect which must make such approach forever impossible, for it is manifest that this defect is permanent in him, indestructible, ineradicable. I find this Defect to be the Moral Sense. He is the only animal that has it. It is the secret of his degradation. It is the quality  which enables him to do wrong. It has no other office. It is incapable of performing any other function. It could never hate been intended to perform any other. Without it,  man  could do no wrong. He would rise at once to the level of the Higher Animals. Since the Moral Sense has but the one office, the one capacity -- to enable man to do wrong – it is  plainly  without value to him. It is as valueless to him as is  disease. In fact, it manifestly  is  a disease. Rabies is bad, but it is not so bad as this disease. Rabies enables a man to do a thing, which he could not do when in a healthy state: kill his neighbor with a poisonous bite. No one is the better man for having rabies: The Moral Sense enables a man to do wrong. It enables him to do wrong in a thousand ways. Rabies is an innocent disease, compared to the Moral Sense. No one, then, can be the better man for having the Moral Sense. What now, do we find the Primal Curse to have been? Plainly what it was in the beginning: the infliction upon  man  of the Moral Sense; the ability to distinguish good from evil; and with it, necessarily, the ability to do evil; for there can be no evil act without the presence of consciousness of it in the doer of it. And so I find that we have descended and degenerated, from some far ancestor (some microscopic atom wandering at its pleasure between the mighty horizons of a drop of water perchance) insect by insect, animal by animal, reptile by reptile, down the long highway of  smirchless  innocence, till we have reached the bottom stage of development – nameable as the Human Being. Below us – nothing. Nothing but the Frenchman.

A Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingway Essay - 1784 Words

A Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingway Ernest Hemingways WWI classic, A Farewell to Arms is a story of initiation in which the growth of the protagonist, Frederic Henry, is recounted. Frederic is initially a naà ¯ve and unreflective boy who cannot grasp the meaning of the war in which he is so dedicated, nor the significance of his lovers predictions about his future. He cannot place himself amidst the turmoil that surrounds him and therefore, is unable to fully justify a world of death and destruction. Ultimately, his distinction between his failed relationship with Catherine Barkley and the devastation of the war allows him to mature and arrive at the resolution that the only thing one can be sure of in the course of life is death†¦show more content†¦Frederic chooses to spend his time in the city rather than Abruzzi, although that is where he had wanted to go#8230; (Hemingway 13). Frederic realizes that there is a moral and religious way of life, which the priest represents, and he respects these values of the priest. He acknowledges the fact that the priest has a code to live by. On the other shoulder sits Rinaldi, the satisfied, self-assured surgeon with whom Frederic also tries to identify. Rinaldi seems fulfilled, but as the war progresses he falls into a world of despair and disease. Although he cannot see it, Rinaldi too closely resembles Frederics dilemma and therefore is unable to tutor him (Waldhorn 69-70). Tremendously significant, Frederic Henrys exchanges with the priest and Rinaldi play a strong role in his development because he is unable to solely identify with either of them. Frederics education is enhanced by his relationship with the English nurse, Catherine Barkley, as well. Originally, Catherine is nothing more than an object of sensual desire, but as the novel progresses, Catherine becomes symbolic of Frederics final resolution. At first Frederic views Catherine as a replacement for the boring prostitutes that he is accustomed to visiting. He takes adva ntage of her situation; Catherines fiancà © has been killed in the war. I thought she was probably a little crazy. It was alright if sheShow MoreRelatedA Farewell Of Arms By Ernest Hemingway1607 Words   |  7 Pages Ernest Hemingway s third novel a Farewell to arms was being created with his early experience with war. Just out of High school, E.Hemingway tried volunteering to fight in World War 1 but he was rejected by the U.S. military because of his poor eyesight. Instead he voluntarily enlisted in the Italian ambulance corps on the Italian front where he was injured by a mortar shell. While E.Hemingway was recovering he started to fall in love with a nurse named Agnes Von Kurowsky. She howeverRead MoreA Farewell Of Arms By Ernest Hemingway Essay1714 Words   |  7 PagesA Farewell to Arms is one of Ernest Hemingway’s most admirable novels. It has received millions of positive and negative criticisms. It is also the most regarded American literary exemplary. The story is told from first person perspective. The perspective Frederic an American ambulance driver in the Italian army during War. He falls in love with an English nurse, Catherine, and he experiences the pain and loss in war and in life. Even though it is one of the most revered books in American literatureRead MoreA Farewell to Arms, by Ernest Hemingway1041 Words   |  5 PagesErnest Hemingway defined a hero as, â€Å"A man who lives correctly, following the ideals of honor, courage and endurance in a world that is sometimes chaotic, often stressful, and always painful.† It is blatantly apparent that Henry, the protagonist of A Farewell to Arms, did not exemplify any of these traits at all in the beginning of the novel. However, as the book progressed, Henry gradually learned how to be a â€Å"Hemingway Hero†, and he eventually progressed to the point where he completely embodiedRead MoreA Farewell Of Arms, By Ernest Hemingway1339 Words   |  6 Pages[persisted] ‘What is defeat? You go home.’† Throughout A Farewell to Arms, many characters remain apathetic or disillusioned in matters most would deem vital. Frederic Henry struggles throughout the book to find sufficient resolutions to his problems, but in the end realizes the futility of his hardships. In A Farewell to Arms, Ernest Hemingway uses disillusionment and apathy to show the futility of mankind and the intimations of mortality. Hemingway doesn’t explain why Frederic Henry, the book’s protagonistRead MoreA Farewell Of Arms, By Ernest Hemingway1739 Words   |  7 PagesMajor events throughout history have resulted from human desire for fulfillment by instituting war, preaching religion, and glorifying love. In A Farewell to Arms, Ernest Hemingway introduces Frederic Henry, an American in the Italian Army during World War I. Frederic Henry’s attempts to find his meaning in life, are represented by his attempts to discover the possibilities in war, religion, and love. He does this through his friendship with a Catholic priest, his intense love affair with nurseRead MoreA Farewell Of Arms By Ernest Hemingway2089 Words   |  9 PagesThe novel, A Farewell to Arms, demonstrates how the world can cause hardship on an individual when exposed to emotions towards something through the lens of the characters and Hemingway’s life. One of the reoccurring themes throughout this book is, the individual who carries no feelings towards anything will never lose it, but once that individual catches emotion towards it it will be taken away. Hemingway incorporates this theme within his writing through Frederick and Catherine’s relationship,Read MoreA Farewell Of Arms By Ernest Hemingway1942 Words   |  8 Pagesnovel A Farewell to Arms Ernest Hemingway wrote, We re going to have a strange life. (D). His life was not ordinary by any means; he became the voice of his generation with his poignant works capturing the emotions of the American people after World War I. In his novel A Farewell to Arms Ernest Hemingway attempts to demonstrate through the characters of Frederic Henry and Rinaldi the feelings of horror and disillusionment the people of the Modern era tried to escape. Ernest Miller Hemingway was bornRead MoreA Farewell Of Arms By Ernest Hemingway994 Words   |  4 PagesIn the classic novel, A Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingway, the reader is immediately introduced to Frederic Henry, who is both the narrator and protagonist. Use of the first person point of view draws the reader more closely into the story, allowing for the personal connection between oneself and Henry. This intimate relationship leads to an understanding, if not sympathetic, view of all his feelings. Throughout his adventures, Henry learns to overcome many different types of wounds which areRead MoreA Farewell Of Arms, By Ernest Hemingway1824 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"‘Defeat is worse.† â€Å"‘I do not believe it,’ Passini [persisted] ‘What is defeat? You go home’† (Hemingway 49). Throughout A Farewell to Arms, many characters remain apathetic or disillusioned in matters most would deem vital. Frederic Henry struggles throughout the book to find acceptable resolutions to his problems, but in the end realizes the futility of his hardships. In A Farewell to Arms, Ernest Hemingway uses disillusionment and apathy to show the fruitlessness of mankind and prevalence of mortalityRead MoreA Farewell Of Arms By Ernest Hemingway1582 Words   |  7 PagesIn A Farewell To Arms, Ernest Hemingway wrote about an American man named Frederic Henry driving an ambulance in World War I. Frederic Henry fell in love with a nurse, Catherine Barkley, and experienced his life in war with Catherine by his side. Ernest Hemingway received inspiration to write this book from his own true life events. He was in the military and also fell deeply in love with a young nurse from a Hospital when he was injured. The young nurse accepted Hemingway’s marriage proposal and

Milk and Convenience Store Free Essays

JOE-NETTE’S PASTILLAS DE LECHE PRODUCT – Food – We get are brand name by the combination of our names. The Joe-nette’s Pastillas de Leche, are sweet milk candies that are usually served for dessert. They are very easy to serve because you don’t need to cook to make pastillas. We will write a custom essay sample on Milk and Convenience Store or any similar topic only for you Order Now What we have is a no-cook fast and simple dessert recipe intenden to gratify your cravings right away. Also, cooking or heating any recipe is not necessary. All you have to do is to mix the ingredients together and there it is, super sweet delicious milk candy that you have for dessert in no time. PRICE INGREDIENTS: * 3 can of condensed milk (300ML)x (26) = P 78 * 2 powdered milkx (16) = P 32 * ? sugarx (12) = P 12 * 2 Japanese paperx (5) = P 10 * 5 bond paperx (1) = P 5_ P 137 PLACE In the public market, because many people that have a convenience store go there to buy a whole selling product to their stores. It is because the price of the product in the public market is lower than the price if you go in the supermarkets. Our target markets are those people that have a convenience store that usually go to public market for whole selling. PROMOTION We are promoting our product by the use of a whole selling. For example, when the consumer buy whole sale of pastillas they will have a discount like we can give him/her 3 packs of pastillas for only P100, so that the consumer will be convince to buy our product again and we can also offer them to be a supplier of their convenience store. How to cite Milk and Convenience Store, Essay examples

SUMER While Researching Sumerian Culture I Learned Many Interesting Th

SUMER While researching Sumerian culture I learned many interesting things that I was not aware of before. Many little known facts about Sumer will change the way that people feel about other ancient societies. Many advances that are not attributed to Sumeria, often were pioneered by this advanced culture long before others. Most people don't even know much about the origan of the Sumerian culture. The people who originally lived in Sumer in 4000 BC were not really Sumerians. Sumers original inhabitants were in fact Ubaidians. The Ubaidian culture was already quite advanced for that time, and had a large variety of unique farming techniques. Between 4000 and 3000 BC Sumer was infiltrated by many nomadic tribes. This constant movement of peoples caused a cross-fertilization of culture. Technology from many different regions were becoming centralized in Sumer. So were different theological viewpoints. During this millennium the people that we think of as Sumerians moved into Sumer. T hese people originated near the Caspian sea and did not even arrive in Sumer until 3300 BC. When these people ended up in Sumer it created the worlds first "high civilization". All who lived in Sumer were now recognized as Sumerian, because Sumerian was the common language. Sumer, like most early middle-eastern nations, was in the fertile crescent. These small waterways provided excellant irrigation, and transportation. Sumer was one of the first large civilizations that had a very developed textile industry. Wool sheared from goats and sheep was made into garments. The usage of linen was reserved for only high priests and other dignitaries. Flax and wool was used for everyone else. Farming was also a very predominant industry in this nation. All of the mixed culture taught the Sumerians about many different farming methods. Sickles and other tools aided in the farming. The harvested grain was preserved in granaries and pots. This allowed grain to be shipped without spoiling or mold ing. All of the waterways in Sumeria allowed products to be shipped up and down rivers to other destinations. One popular shipping method was called the "Turnip". The turnip was a buoy shaped boat that was attached to a long rope. The turnip would float along in the water, while the merchant rode on horseback on a near by road. Transportation methods increased in efficiency and new types of them arrived during the Sumerian rule, for instance, more types of boats were invented, and the Sumerians introduced the sail to the world of travel. The wheel was also first implemented in the Sumerian nation. When these advanced forms of transportation were not available, people still used donkeys with baskets strapped to their sides. Iron working was used to create tools that aided in the growth of the economy. Harpoons and scythes were constructed from metal so that they were stronger and more affective. Plows and other farming tools were made out of iron now. Cuneiform writing was pioneer ed by the Sumerian society. Cuneiform was writing that was shaped like wedges. This writing style was used for thousands of years after the Sumerian empire was overtaken. Sumerians were the first known users of "real" medicine. Their medicine did not rely upon magical incantations or blessings from gods. Tablets were excavated in the city-state of Nippur that provided detailed instructions for some type of balm. The instructions involved boiling, filtering, and pulverizing plants. Also, directions also often required scrubbing of washing wounds. This is the first mention of knowledge of germs. Doctors were referred to as A-ZU, which means Water-Knower. It is unsure if Sumerians knew about surgery yet, but there were many bodies that were found with the skulls sliced through, possibly for study or to relieve pressure on the brain. It is thought that veterinarians also existed. This is because references were made to "donkey doctors" and "horse doctors". Sumerians had massive knowled ge of the anatomy of humans and animals. This was evident because of the elaborate dissections involved in ritual sacrifice. Sumer did not have an official religion, but they still worshipped many gods. There were gods for each city-state, and for many other parts of nature. Sumerians were especially pessimistic. They believed that when dead, people went down to an eternally silent,

John Jay, Founding Father, Supreme Court Chief Justice

John Jay, Founding Father, Supreme Court Chief Justice John Jay (1745 to 1829), a native of New York State, was a patriot, statesman, diplomat, and one of America’s Founding Fathers who served the early United States government in many capacities. In 1783, Jay negotiated and signed the Treaty of Paris ending the American Revolutionary War and acknowledging the United States as an independent nation. He later served as the first chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court and as the second governor of New York State. After helping to draft the U.S. Constitution and secure its ratification in 1788, Jay served as the chief architect of U.S. foreign policy for much of the 1780s and helped shape the future of American politics during the 1790s as one of the leaders of the Federalist Party.  Ã‚   Fast Facts: John Jay Known for: American founding father, first Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, and second governor of New YorkBorn: December 23, 1745 in New York City, New YorkParents: Peter Jay and Mary (Van Cortlandt) JayDied: May 17, 1829 in Bedford, New YorkEducation: King’s College (now Columbia University)Key Accomplishments: Negotiated the Treaty of Paris and Jay’s TreatySpouse’s Name: Sarah Van Brugh LivingstonChildren’s Names: Peter Augustus, Susan, Maria, Ann, William, and Sarah LouisaFamous Quote: â€Å"It is too true, however disgraceful it may be to human nature, that nations in general will make war whenever they have a prospect of getting anything by it.† (The Federalist Papers) John Jay’s Early Years Born in New York City on December 23, 1745, John Jay hailed from a well-off merchant family of French Huguenots who had migrated to the United States seeking religious freedom. Jay’s father, Peter Jay, prospered as a commodities trader, and he and Mary Jay (nà ©e Van Cortlandt) had seven surviving children together. In March 1745, the family moved to Rye, New York, when Jay’s father retired from business to care for two of the family’s children who had been blinded by smallpox. During his childhood and teen years, Jay was alternately homeschooled by his mother or outside tutors. In 1764, he graduated from New York City’s King’s College (now Columbia University) and began his career as an attorney. After graduating from college, Jay quickly became a rising star in New York politics. In 1774, he was elected as one of the state’s delegates to the first Continental Congress that would lead to the beginning of America’s journey on the road to revolution and independence. During the Revolution   Though never a loyalist to the Crown, Jay first backed a diplomatic resolution of America’s differences with Great Britain. However, as the effects of Britain’s â€Å"Intolerable Acts† against the American colonies began to mount and as war became increasingly likely, he actively backed the Revolution. During much of the Revolutionary War, Jay served as American Foreign Minister to Spain on what proved to be a largely unsuccessful and frustrating mission seeking financial support and official recognition of American independence from the Spanish Crown. Despite his best diplomatic efforts from 1779 to 1782, Jay succeeded only in securing a $170,000 loan from Spain to the U.S. government. Spain refused to recognize America’s independence, fearing its own foreign colonies might in turn revolt. The Treaty of Paris In 1782, shortly after the British surrender at the Revolutionary War’s Battle of Yorktown effectively ended fighting in the American colonies, Jay was dispatched to Paris, France along with fellow statesmen Benjamin Franklin and John Adams to negotiate a peace treaty with Great Britain. Jay opened the negotiations by demanding the British recognize American independence. In addition, the Americans pressed for territorial control of all North American frontier lands east of the Mississippi River, except for British territories in Canada and Spanish territory in Florida. In the resulting Treaty of Paris, signed on September 3, 1783, Britain acknowledged the United States as an independent nation. Lands secured through the treaty essentially doubled the new nation’s size. However, many disputed issues, such as control of regions along the Canadian border and British occupation of forts on U.S.-controlled territory in the Great Lakes area remained unresolved. These and several other post-revolution issues, specifically with France, would eventually be addressed by another treaty negotiated by Jay- now known as Jay’s Treaty- signed in Paris on November 19, 1794. The Constitution and the Federalist Papers During the Revolutionary War, America had functioned under a loosely crafted agreement among the colonial-era governments of the 13 original states called the Articles of the Confederation. After the Revolution, however, weaknesses in the Articles of the Confederation revealed the need for a more comprehensive governing document- the U.S. Constitution. While John Jay did not attend the Constitutional Convention in 1787, he strongly believed in a stronger central government than that created by the Articles of the Confederation, which granted most governmental powers to the states. During 1787 and 1788, Jay, along with Alexander Hamilton and James Madison, wrote a series of essays widely published in newspapers under the collective pseudonym â€Å"Publius† advocating the ratification of the new Constitution. Later collected into a single volume and published as the Federalist Papers, the three Founding Fathers successfully argued for the creation of a strong federal government that serves the national interest while also reserving some powers to the states. Today, the Federalist Papers are often referred to and cited as an aid to interpreting the intent and application of the U.S. Constitution. First Chief Justice of the Supreme Court In September 1789, President George Washington offered to appoint Jay as Secretary of State, a position which would have continued his duties as Secretary of Foreign Affairs. When Jay declined, Washington offered him the title of Chief Justice of the United States, a new position which Washington called â€Å"the keystone of our political fabric.† Jay accepted and was unanimously confirmed by the Senate on September 26, 1789. Smaller than today’s Supreme Court, which is made up of nine justices, the chief justice, and eight associate justices, the John Jay Court had only six justices, the chief justice and five associates. All of the judges on that first Supreme Court were appointed by Washington. Jay served as chief justice until 1795, and while he personally wrote the majority decisions on only four cases during his six-year tenure on the Supreme Court, he greatly influenced the future rules and procedures for the rapidly developing U.S. federal court system.   Anti-Slavery Governor of New York Jay resigned from the Supreme Court in 1795 after being elected as the second governor of New York, an office he would hold until 1801. During his tenure as governor, Jay also ran unsuccessfully for President of the United States in 1796 and 1800. Though Jay, like many of his fellow Founding Fathers, had been a slaveholder, he championed and signed a controversial bill in 1799 outlawing slavery in New York. In 1785, Jay had helped found and served as president of the New York Manumission Society, an early abolitionist organization that arranged boycotts of merchants and newspapers involved in or supporting the slave trade, and provided free legal assistance for free black persons who had been claimed or kidnapped as slaves. Later Life and Death In 1801, Jay retired to his farm in Westchester County, New York. While he never again sought or accepted political office, he continued to fight for abolition, publicly condemning efforts in 1819 to admit Missouri to the Union as a slave state. â€Å"Slavery,† said Jay at the time, â€Å"should not to be introduced nor permitted in any of the new states.† Jay died at age 84 on May 17, 1829, in Bedford, New York and was buried in the family cemetery near Rye, New York. Today, the Jay Family Cemetery is part of the Boston Post Road Historic District, a designated National Historic Landmark and oldest maintained cemetery associated with a figure from the American Revolution. Marriage, Family, and Religion Jay married Sarah Van Brugh Livingston, the eldest daughter of the New Jersey Governor William Livingston, on April 28, 1774. The couple had six children: Peter Augustus, Susan, Maria, Ann, William, and Sarah Louisa. Sarah and the children often accompanied Jay on his diplomatic missions, including trips to Spain and Paris, where they lived with Benjamin Franklin. While still an American colonist, Jay had been a member of the Church of England but joined the Protestant Episcopal Church after the Revolution. Serving as vice president and president of the American Bible Society from 1816 to 1827, Jay believed that Christianity was an essential element of good government, once writing: â€Å"No human society has ever been able to maintain both order and freedom, both cohesiveness and liberty apart from the moral precepts of the Christian Religion. Should our Republic ever forget this fundamental precept of governance, we will then, be surely doomed.† Sources The Life of John Jay Friends of John Jay HomesteadA Brief Biography of John Jay From The Papers of John Jay, 2002. Columbia UniversityStahr, Walter. â€Å"John Jay: Founding Father.† Continuum Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8264-1879-1.Gellman, David N. Emancipating New York: The Politics of Slavery and Freedom, 1777–1827 LSU Press. ISBN 978-0807134658.

Mandarin Vocabulary - Answering Questions

Mandarin Vocabulary - Answering Questions Mandarin does not have specific words for saying â€Å"yes† and â€Å"no.† Instead, the verb which is used in the Mandarin question is used to make a positive or negative reply. For example, if the question was: Do you like rice? The answer could be: I like.orI don’t like. Answering Mandarin Questions Mandarin questions can be answered with the question verb. This verb can be either positive (to answer â€Å"yes†) or negative (to answer â€Å"no†). The positive form of the verb is simply the verb repeated: Q: NÇ  xÇ huan fn ma?Do you like rice?ä ½  Ã¥â€"Å"æ ­ ¡Ã© £ ¯Ã¥â€"Ž?A: XÇ huan.(I) like.Ã¥â€"Å"æ ­ ¡ If you want to say you don’t like rice, you would say bà ¹ xÇ huan. The Mandarin No To answer â€Å"no† to a question, the negative form of the question verb is formed using the particle ä ¸  (bà ¹). The only â€Å"irregular† verb is æÅ"‰ (yÇ’u - to have), which uses æ ²â€™ (mà ©i) for its negative form. Mà ©i is also used for negating Functive Verbs (action verbs) when talking about past actions. In this situation, mà ©i is a short form for mà ©i yÇ’u and either form can be used. Mandarin Questions and Answers Q: NÇ  yÇ’u bÇ  ma?Do you have a pen?ä ½  Ã¦Å"‰ç ­â€ Ã¥â€"Ž?A: Mà ©i yÇ’u.No (don’t have).æ ²â€™Ã¦Å"‰Q: NÇ  yo bà º yo mÇŽi?Do you want to buy (it)?ä ½  Ã¨ ¦ Ã¤ ¸ Ã¨ ¦ Ã¨ ² ·?A: Yo.Yes (want).è ¦ Q: JÄ «ntiÄ n shà ¬ xÄ «ng qÄ « yÄ « ma?Is today Monday?ä »Å Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¦Ëœ ¯Ã¦ËœÅ¸Ã¦Å"Ÿä ¸â‚¬Ã¥â€"Ž?A: Shà ¬.Yes (is).æ˜ ¯

Reflexivity and self identity Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Reflexivity and self identity - Dissertation Example The main purpose of this study is to explore and apply Giddens’ theories on reflexivity and self identity in the case of non-native English speaking teachers who teaches the English language in Asian countries. To give the readers with better understanding about the chosen research topic, this report will first discuss the theory of Anthony Giddens with regards to reflexivity and self identity. Eventually, these theories will be applied in the case of non-native English speaking individuals who are currently teaching the English language in Asia. Social barriers of effective teaching include the ability of the teacher to teach proper English grammar among others. Based on the identified social barriers that could impede the professional progress of non-native English speaking teachers in Asian countries, a list of study recommendations based on Giddens’ theories will be tackled in details in order to give the readers a better idea on how non-native English speaking teac hers could improve the quality of teaching services given to students who are studying the English language. ... rely its persistence over time in such a way that philosophers could speak of ‘identity’ of objects or things but in contrast to the self as a generic phenomenon which presumes reflexive awareness†. In modern theory of sociology, sociologists believe that self identity will continue to improve and will remain â€Å"undamaged† (Calhoun, 2003, p. 118). Even though Descartes (1988, p. 115) acknowledges the link between the human body, the mind, and the soul, he clearly explained that he strongly believe in the idea that self is simply referring to the soul or the human mind alone but not the human body. With regards to the concept of self in relation to moral orientation, self is described as being â€Å"inwardness† in the sense that self is being compared or identified as an object close to God (Descartes & Locke, 2003, p. 514). Similar to Descartes’ idea, Locke also agree that the human body and soul are two separate things that are closely rela ted to one another. For this reason, Locke (1996, p. 124) considers human beings or self as â€Å"a substance that is capable of thinking†. With regards to the idea that self which is â€Å"perceived by the mind† is an external object that is a significant part of self identity (Descartes, Selected Philosophical Writings. Trans. John Cottingham, et al., 1988, p. 132), Locke’s idea on self was based on the theory as publicly introduced by Descartes. As part of modifying Descartes’ idea about self, Locke (1996, p. 49) categorized self as having two major qualities known as the human body as the object and the part of self which is indirectly a part of the object such as the ability of each individual to sense or perceive something. ‘ Descartes and Locke considers human beings as a something that is composed of machines

Answer a few questions to participate in a volunteer trip abroad Essay

Answer a few questions to participate in a volunteer trip abroad - Essay Example lusions about what I will face there having seen the devastation on the news and having heard first-hand accounts from family members who have suffered through the crisis. Im well aware that the trip will be a difficult one and I will have to prove myself in the field. Nevertheless I feel completely prepared and willing to undertake this challenge. I work very well in team situations and have always developed a good rapport with peers, co-workers, professors and employers. While I highly enjoy teamwork I also have the motivation and knowledge to work efficiently and independently on major projects. I work extremely well under pressure and have always been able to put my best forward and receive top results. Results are important to me. I was taught from a young age to strive to do my best in everything I do. I always reach for the top. I want to be a leader and do my best in the field in Haiti. I know that leadership means having integrity and believing in what youre doing. I also think this would be a very serious and intense learning experience for me and would allow me to reach outside of my comfort zone and test myself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is very important to understand different cultures and to be respectful towards them. I strive, in everything I do, to follow this rule. Im of Haitian descent so Haiti is not a different culture than mine, and I can fit in there. But with other cultures I am always sure to do my best to be respectful. I often buy food from a small Korean grocery near my house. Although the people there often do not speak English I do my best to great them politely in simple language. When there is a misunderstanding over the price I calmly take the time to talk to them. Get angry never solves anything. As I explained earlier, the earthquake was personally devastating for me as I knew people who live in Haiti. It was a truly traumatic occasion. I remember weeping as I saw the images on television and feeling powerless. I went to church and

Pierre Bourdieu: Taste and Class

Pierre Bourdieu: Taste and Class ‘Taste, a class culture turned into nature, that is, embodied, helps to shape the class body. It follows that the body is the most indisputable materialization of class taste’ (Bourdieu, 1984: 190). Do you agree with Bourdieus statement about the importance of social class to embodiment? (2064/2000) Introduction Not only do I disagree with Bourdieu’s statement as presented above, it is my contention that this does not accurately represent the intention and focus of Bourdieu. For not only do I disagree that class is central to embodiment, rather believing that all forms of social differentiation – class, ethnicity, age and gender are embodied, but that Bourdieu himself believed that it is gender that provides the models for the other, therefore secondary, forms of social differentiation. To support my argument, I first provide a brief outline of Bourdieu’s theory of social practice, discussing the relationship between class and embodiment within it. Next I examine Chris Schillings’ interpretation of Bourdieu, demonstrating that, in common with other theorists, Schilling interpreted Bourdieu as being ultimately concerned with class as an axis of social differentiation, thereby ignoring the role of gender in his theory: that even as Schilling seeks to extend Bourdie u’s theory to include gender, ethnicity and age his interpretation is fundamentally flawed. In the final section I contest this class-focussed interpretation of Bourdieu by arguing that, following Beate Krais, by examining both his later work and his early ethnography it is evident that gender is a primary concern in his work: that Bourdieu believes that gender provides the model for all other forms of social differentiation. However, whereas Bourdieu seems pessimistic regarding the individual’s ability to resist their class or gender differentiation, the women interviewed by Beverley Skeggs (1997) actively resisted their class position, even as they were shaped by it. In the conclusion I summarise my argument that not only are other social differentiations of central importance to embodiment – namely gender, age, and ethnicity – gender was of central importance to Bourdieu, providing the model for other forms of differentiation, before concluding that work still needs to be done before age and ethnicity can be adequately incorporated into Bourdieu†™s schema. Embodiment and Social Class in the Work of Bourdieu In this section I first briefly outline Bourdieu’s theory of social practice, and then discuss the relationship between class and embodiment within it, before then examining Chris Schillings’ (1994) account of Bourdieu. I argue that Schilling focuses on Bourdieu’s class analysis, in common with many other theorists, and therefore misses the way in which Bourdieu is ultimately concerned with gender as a form of social differentiation. Pierre Bourdieu developed his theory of cultural capital and social practice with Jean-Claude Passeron[1] in France in the 1970s, as part of an effort to explain class-based differences in educational achievement. In his theory the forms of capital cultural, social and economic interact to mask the way in which social hierarchies are reproduced. Cultural capital is, for Bourdieu, divided into three subcategories; ‘embodied’, ‘objectified’ and ‘institutionalised’. Embodied capital is imbued dur ing the period of socialisation, is linked to the body, and represents ‘external wealth converted into an integral part of the person’ (Bourdieu, 1986: 244-5): whether an individuals’ accent, their taste for opera, or their preference for rugby over football this form of capital ‘cannot be accumulated beyond the appropriating capacity of an individual agent [and] remains marked by its earliest conditions of acquisition’ (Bourdieu, 1986: 245). Objectified capital refers to goods such as paintings, antiques and fine wines; objectified capital thus entails both the material wealth needed to own such items and the embodied capital needed to ‘consume’ them. Institutionalised capital is those academic qualifications which enable an individual to exchange between cultural and economic capital, while social capital are those friendships and networks which enable an individual to ‘produce and reproduce lasting, useful relationships that can secure material or symbolic profits’ (Bourdieu, 1986: 249. The three forms of capital combine to produce a persons habitus, or set of preferences and predispositions. Class is thus central to Bourdieu’s theory of embodiment; within his schema the financial, educational, social and cultural resources of an individual shape not only their ‘taste’ but also their life chances: Taste, a class culture turned into nature, that is, embodied, helps to shape the body. It is an incorporated principle of classification which governs all forms of incorporation, choosing and modifying everything that the body ingests and digests and assimilates, physiologically and psychologically’ (Bourdieu, 1999: 190, my emphasis added). Finally, embodiment is central to his theory; for it is via the process of socialization that the dynamics of power are written onto the very bodies of the individual (Bourdieu, 1999: 190). Schilling argues that Bourdieu does not engage with the body as simultaneously social and biological, but rather concentrates on its ‘unfinishedness’ at birth (Schilling, 1994: 128): that ‘acts of labour are required to turn bodies into social entities and that these acts influence how people develop and hold the physical shape of their bodies’ (Schilling, 1994: 128). Schilling stresses the way in which Bourdieu argues that social class imprints on the body of an individual by focussing on the way people’s taste for food both marks their class position and affects their bodies: Bodies develop through the interrelation between an individual’s social location [their class-based material circumstances], habitus and taste. These factors serve to naturalize and perpetuate the different relationships that social groups have towards their bodies (Schilling, 1994: 130). Similar readings have resulted in Bourdieu’s theory being criticized for being essentialist; John Frow argues that Bourdieu simply ‘reads off’ an individuals culture from their class position (Frow, 1995: 63). Or that his theory is therefore deterministic; in that it minimizes the ability of the individual to shape their own destiny. Finally, such a reading of Bourdieu leads one to conclude that he prioritized the role of class in society, thus minimizing the effects of other forms of differentiation, such as gender, ethnicity and age: the conflict between classes is of greatest importance to Bourdieu’s work, and attempts by the dominant classes to define lower class body implicating activities as ‘crude’, or attempts on the part of the working classes to define upper class practices as ‘pretentious’, occupy a prominent place in his book on French life, Distinction (1984) (Schilling, 1994: 141). Yet I would contend that Schilling has misinterpreted Bourdieu’s theory; that whilst it is true that in his middle years – of which Distinction forms a part he did focus on the dynamics of class in society and as it is written on the body of the individual, however in Bourdieu’s early ethnography his focus was instead on the primary differentiation of gender, and it was to this concern that he returned in his later years. Gender as the Primary Form of Social Differentiation for Bourdieu In this section I argue, in agreement with Beate Krais (2006), that gender is a primary concern in the work of Bourdieu: that he believes it is gender that provides the model for all other forms of social differentiation. However, whereas Bourdieu seems unduly pessimistic regarding the individual’s ability to resist their class social differentiation, the women interview by Skeggs (1997) actively resisted their class positioning even as they were shaped by it. However, she provides little evidence of these women’s attempts to resist their gender. Beate Krais argues that gender is ‘one of the most powerful classifications’ for Bourdieu (Krais, 2006: 120) and that he chooses his early ethnography in Algeria for inclusion in his 2001 Masculine Domination, as among the Kabylia at this time there existed ‘practically no other form of social differentiation’ (Krais, 2006: 120). She demonstrates that, for Bourdieu, it is the social construction of femininity and masculinity that first ‘shapes the body, defines how [it] is perceived [†¦] and thus determines an individuals identity’ (Krais, 2006: 121). This interpretation is borne out by my reading of Bourdieu when he discusses the Kabylia: ‘the opposition between male and female is realized in posture, in the gestures and movements of the body’ (Bourdieu, 1999a: 70). He continues: ‘classificatory schemes through which the body is practically apprehended are always grounded twofold, both in the social division of labour an d in the sexual division of labour’ (Bourdieu: 1999a: 72). Thus Bourdieu argues that social differentiation according to gender is both universal and historically constant: ‘the same system of classificatory schemes is found, in its essential features, through the centuries and across economic and social differences’ (Bourdieu, 2001: 82). However, Krais goes on to criticise him for presenting gender as ‘hermetic and indestructible’; that by using the example of such a traditional society, rather than that of a modern society such as that of France or Britain, he misses the role of gender as a site of ‘open and political struggle’ (Krais, 2006: 123). Yet Bourdieu’s pessimism seems borne out by the work of Beverley Skeggs (1997), in that the women she interviewed, whilst resisting their class position do not appear to resist their gender: ‘in the women’s claims for a caring/ respectable/ responsible personality class was rarely directly figured but was constantly present. It was the structuring absence’ (Skeggs, 1997: 74, my emphasis added); although she argues that ‘gender and class are inseparable. The women never see themselves as just women; it is always read through class’ (Skeggs, 1997: 91), she provides little evidence of the way in which these wom en resist their gender: each seems keen to position themselves as gendered individuals, as women, even as they deny their class. Conclusion In conclusion, not only do I disagree that class is central to embodiment, rather believing that all forms of social differentiation – class, ethnicity, age and gender are embodied, but that Bourdieu himself believed that gender provides the models for the other, therefore secondary, forms of social differentiation. Many have accused Bourdieu of economic determinism, taking his theory of the three forms of capital to prioritise the role of class in creating social inequality. However, for Bourdieu ‘capital’ is both metaphoric and materialistic and should be viewed as similar to power (Ashall, 2004: 24): although Bourdieu believes that all of the forms of capital can be converted into economic capital, for him none are reducible to it (Bourdieu, 1986: 243). Embodiment is central within his theory, for it is in this way that social differentiation becomes incorporated into – shapes and delineates the body, as made evident through his focus on food and sport in Distinction. Although much of his writing is concerned with the operation of class throughout society, by examining his early ethnography in Algeria, and his later use of this material in Masculine Domination, we can see that he believed gender to be the model for all other forms of social differentiation, and therefore central to his work. One next must ask how other forms of social differentiation, namely age and ethnicity, can be incorporated into his theory, for though Schilling argues that this can be done by taking his definition of class in its broadest sense (Schilling, 1994: 147) this would appear to damage the sociological understanding and definition of both class and gender. What is needed is a way to conceptualise how the differing forms of social differentiati on interact. Bibliography Ashall, Wendy (2004) ‘Masculine Domination: Investing in Gender?’ Studies in Social and Political Thought, Vol. 9, pp. 21-39, available URL at http://www.sussex.ac.uk/Units/SPT/journal/archive/pdf/issue9-2.pdf, date accessed 25/11/06. Bourdieu, Pierre (2001) Masculine Domination, Cambridge: Polity Press. Bourdieu, Pierre (1999) ‘The Habitus and the Space of Life-Styles’, Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgment of Taste, London: Routledge, pp. 169-225. Bourdieu, Pierre (1999a) ‘Belief and the Body’, The Logic of Practice, Cambridge: Polity, pp. 66-79. Bourdieu, Pierre and Passeron, Jean-Claude (1998[1977]) Reproduction in Education, Society and Culture (2nd Edition), London: Sage. Bourdieu, Pierre (1986) ‘The forms of Capital’ in Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education, London: Greenwood Press, pp. 241-258. Frow, John (1995) ‘Accounting for Tastes: Some Problems in Bourdieu’s Sociology of Culture’, Cultural Studies, Vol. 1(No. 1), pp. 59-73. Krais, Beate (2006) ‘Gender, Sociological Theory and Bourdieus Sociology of Practice’, Theory, Culture and Society, Vol. 23, (No. 6), pp. 119-134. Schilling, Chris (1994) ‘The Body and Physical Capital’, The Body and Social Theory, London: Sage, pp. 127-149. Skeggs, Beverley (1997) ‘(Dis)identifications of Class: On Not Being Working Class’, Formations of Gender: Becoming Respectable, London: Sage, pp. 74-97. 1 Footnotes [1] Bourdieu, Pierre and Passeron, Jean-Claude (1998[1977]) Reproduction in Education, Society and Culture (2nd Edition), London: Sage.

Theories of Unemployment

Theories of Unemployment: The article that I took was from the Irish Independent which was printed on the Wednesday 2nd February 2011. 5,700 more jobless signing on The number of people signing on for benefits increased by more than 5,700 in the last 12 months, official figures revealed today. There were 442,677 people on the dole in January, taking the unemployment  rate to 13. 4pc – a slight fall on the previous month. Separate figures compiled by the Government revealed there were 4,893 redundancies in January. Labour enterprise spokesman  Willie Penrose  said more than 400,000 people have been on the dole for 20 months. Everyone knows that the figure would be even higher, were it not for the phenomenon of resumed emigration,† he said. â€Å"Nothing summarises the dismal failure of this Government as much as their record on unemployment. † The Live Register – which recorded a fall of 6,900 people signing on last month alone, according to new measur ements of seasonal factors – has seen its smallest overall increase for January in three years. Avine McNally, director of the Small Firms Association, said it appeared the unemployment crisis has stabilised. Small firms are the ‘engines of recovery' and real and meaningful growth will come from the small business sector, but that is unlikely to happen for some time yet, as many firms are struggling to survive, due to cashflow difficulties, input costs from Government-administered sectors, and restricted access to credit,† she said. Umbrella trade union group Congress said the harsh fact was that the true number of people signing on increased by thousands last month. Paul Sweeney, the group's economic adviser, said: â€Å"The cold fact is that that there are a frightening 273,000 less people at work today in  Ireland  compared to 2007.Furthermore, net emigration will be over 60,000 this year. â€Å"Jobs are the biggest challenge for any new Government. † Youth Work Ireland, which represents 22 voluntary youth groups, said unemployment is the number one issue in Irish society. Spokesman Michael Mc Loughlin said: â€Å"If young people drift into long term unemployment in substantial numbers it may be hard to rescue that situation when any recovery occurs. † He added: â€Å"There must be a dedicated jobs strategy for young people if we are to avoid a return to the massive migration of the 1980s which so decimated communities. â€Å"Increased emigration amongst young people is a major economic issue as this group has been very well educated, now a different country will reap the benefit of this investment and Ireland will lack the people and the skills to build a smart economy. † Reetta Suonpera, senior economist with business lobby group Ibec, said: â€Å"Although some sectors such as construction will continue to lose jobs during 2011, overall the situation in the labour market is stabilising and unemployment is now nearing its peak. Fine Gael  enterprise spokesman  Richard Bruton  said emigration was acting like a pressure valve on the unemployment figures. â€Å"This is a crisis. Ireland's unemployment crisis is crying out for a targeted solution,† he said. Mr Bruton claimed Fine Gael was the only party to have put forward a credible jobs plan which it could implement if put into power. â€Å"The other political parties just don't have the plans for jobs,† he said. â€Å"Labour's high-tax approach won't get people working, and  Fianna Fail  is a busted flush on the economy.Fine Gael is the only party with a credible plan to get the economy working. † The way in which this article is written is from neoclassical point of view which is most common in western societies. Even though it is not mentioned the author of the article and some contributors are talking about Full Employment, when the optimum number of people are either employed within the economy. In this article they feel at the moment the Irish economy has Full Employment.That is due to that at the moment there are not any new jobs available and the fact that due to emigration the Irish work force is getting smaller due to the fact people are leaving the country. As we can see this follows the neoclassical idea as the labour market moves toward full employment automatically. The reason in which that the levels of unemployment are so at this time is due to the fact that consumers are unwilling to spend money on goods and services as a lot of people are having problems with their current so employees need to make less produce so they are been forced to lose their jobs.This is due to the law of diminishing marginal productivity of labour, when you employ someone it is the how many extra goods they do or don’t produce compared to the last employee. If you have 10 employees and your tenth employee makes 9 goods a week but your ninth employee makes 11 goods a week, the tenth emplo yee makes 2 less than the ninth employee so it makes sense to make the tenth employee redundant as you are not making any money off that employee. Another reason for the fall in employment is the cost to an employer to employ his employees.The neoclassical believe that when wages are flexible then you will get full employment. However a reason for unemployment is that these wages were not flexible but were very rigid. Rigidities were caused by labour unions, minimum wage legislation or other anti-competitive practices. Labour unions in the time of economic growth asked for wage raises which they got but in a time of economic recession they are unwilling for their employees take a pay cut but instead this leads to many more employees been laid off.There is also a similar truth in the minimum wage legislation, it was at a good level during the boom years but when the recession hit it was clear that the government didn’t readjust the level to try and help more people on minimum wage to keep their job during the time of economic recession. At the current time some of these rigidities have been removed so we are now approaching full employment. The Irish people have one of the highest rates of unemployment in Europe at the moment with a rate of 13. % and in a twelve month period more than 5,700 signed on for benefits. At the moment the number of people on the dole is 442,677. In the article it is said that small businesses will kick start the economy but at the moment it won’t happen as there are cash flow problems, excess costs been put on businesses by the government and there is restricted access to credit by the reluctance of banks to lend money out as they cannot afford to write off more bad loans and put them into NAMA as well.They also state that at the moment certain sectors like construction will still see many more redundancies but sectors like the smart economy will see growth in the coming years. They are also trying in the article to say that the current unemployment is stabilising and hopefully in the next coming months and years there will be an upturn in the levels of unemployment and there will be fall in emigration aswell.

Human Trafficking Is A Dangerous Crime - 1616 Words

There are so many problems in this world. Some of our world’s problems are discussed in the media everyday, for example: gas prices or politics. Some of our world’s problems go unnoticed. A problem that seems to go unnoticed that is a worldwide epidemic is human trafficking. Have you heard about human trafficking? Human trafficking is the illegal movement of people, typically for the purposes of forced labor or commercial sexual exploitation. Human trafficking is a horrible crime that more people need to be aware about. Human trafficking can be described as being a very secretive industry. No one knows what is going on behind the scenes. People are trafficked across the world everyday, taken away from their families. Some victims may never return, but if they do their life can never quite be the same again. There are ways to educate yourself about human trafficking such as knowing the statistics of human trafficking, the profiles of the traffickers and victims in the i ndustry, and knowing about the countries that are at high risk for human trafficking. Human trafficking is all around us, and it is time to inform people about the dangers of human trafficking. People should be aware of this serious epidemic that is going on behind the scenes of their everyday life. First, human trafficking statistics are very shocking. The types of work victims are forced into, the percentages, and the revenue of human trafficking are quite high. Victims of human trafficking are forced intoShow MoreRelatedHuman Trafficking : A Dangerous Crime1634 Words   |  7 PagesHuman trafficking is the quickest increasing criminal industry currently in society and is a dark human behavior that has been going on since the beginning of history. 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Sex trafficking is a form of human trafficking that has been a worldwide issue since ancient times, but regularly forgotten, due to it beingRead MoreHuman rafficking a modern day slaveryT1673 Words   |  7 Pages12/4/2013 Essay 3 Professor Ngezem Human Trafficking: A Modern Day Slavery Slavery may have been abolished more than 100 years ago, but it still exists all around the world. Slavery defined is the subjection of a person to another person; being forced into work. Through the years, countless of battles have been fought and many lives lost to eliminate slavery, yet it still exists in the form of human trafficking. Human trafficking is the trade of humans, most commonly for the purpose of sexualRead MoreEssay on Human Trafficking Crime1303 Words   |  6 PagesHuman trafficking is one of the most gfmoney making crime in the world? 1] (Amanda Kloer, March 15th 2011) Do you know human trafficking is slavery and happening everywhere, including where you live. 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It explores 10 online research articles and websites that relate to illicit drug trafficking. These articles however, vary in their research about the topic. It begins by stating how illicit drug trafficking is considered an organized crime. Two of the main drugs that are trafficked are cocaine and heroin. As a result of drug trafficking, the war on drugs has been a problem for many decades in different countries. Introduction An organized crime group is definedRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking1168 Words   |  5 Pageswe know today as human trafficking. The trafficking in persons is a form of modern day slavery, and exploits it’s victims into a slavery type setting such as manual labor or for commercial sex purposes. Many adults and elderly make up a great number of the humans that are trafficked each year, but the general population is children since they are usually helpless and are easier to manipulate since they are still in the ages of learning. 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Even though child trafficking is an illegal and underground trading, there are still huge numbers of child trafficking by we are known. Nowadays, most countries have better laws to protect their own citizens. Moreover, as time goes by, people are receiving a higherRead MoreHuman Trafficking : The Post Modern Slavery?1353 Words   |  6 PagesLara Kochenborger Professor: LaChe Pool Subject: English Date: February 19, 2016 Human Trafficking: The Post-Modern Slavery? Introduction: Human trafficking, being such a hideous crime, that privates people from their right to freedom, is not only largely hidden, but the victims are also often forgotten; could be extinguished if the problem received more attention by the authorities. Being a crime that exists since the beginning of the times, we should expect to see more action being taken

Security and Different Types Essay - 4239 Words

5 points) Shareholders of Exxon Oil Company face a variety of risks in holding its shares. If the economy falters, people tend to travel less and so there is less demand from the airlines industry for Exxons fuels. This type of risk that Exxons shareholders bear is Your Answer Score Explanation Specific/Idiosyncratic Risk. Systematic/Market Risk. Correct 5.00 Correct. You have a good intuition for different types of risks. Total 5.00 / 5.00 Question Explanation A fundamental question of different types of risks. 5 points) Suppose there are three securities (A,B, and C) to choose from, and next year the economy will be in an expansion, normal, or recession state with probabilities 0.30, 0.35, and 0.35, respectively. The†¦show more content†¦Security C. None of them. Total 5.00 / 5.00 Question Explanation This is a question that makes you calculate expected returns and, given the investors attitude toward risk, also asks you to make a choice on her behalf. 5 points) Shareholders of Exxon Oil Company face a variety of risks in holding its shares. If the economy falters, people tend to travel less and so there is less demand from the airlines industry for Exxons fuels. This type of risk that Exxons shareholders bear is Your Answer Score Explanation Specific/Idiosyncratic Risk. Systematic/Market Risk. Correct 5.00 Correct. You have a good intuition for different types of risks. Total 5.00 / 5.00 Question Explanation A fundamental question of different types of risks. 5 points) Suppose there are three securities (A,B, and C) to choose from, and next year the economy will be in an expansion, normal, or recession state with probabilities 0.30, 0.35, and 0.35, respectively. The returns (%) on the securitiies in these states are as follows: Security A {expansion = +10, normal = +8, recession = +6}; Security B {+25,+10,-10}; Security C {+7.5,+7.5,+7.5}. If the investor is risk neutral (means that she does not care/worry about risk), which of these three securities would she buy? Your Answer Score Explanation Security B. Security A. Correct 5.00 Correct. You know that she will choose the security with the highest expected return. Security C. None ofShow MoreRelatedDifferent Types Of Information System Security Plan1183 Words   |  5 Pagesexamine different types of information system security plan that will eventually helps an organization to run smoothly. The policy and analysis guidelines are needed to represent the relationship between organization policy as well as selected policy. Every organization should have a system security plan (SSP) which will apply to major as well as minor information systems. 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